Patrones de arquitectura Quarkus 3.x LTS con Camel para mensajería, diseño de API RESTful, servicios CDI, acceso a datos con Panache y procesamiento asíncrono.
Install
npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ecc --skill quarkus-patternsSKILL.md
Patrones de Desarrollo Quarkus
Patrones de arquitectura y API de Quarkus 3.x para servicios cloud-native y orientados a eventos con Apache Camel.
Cuándo Activar
- Construir APIs REST con JAX-RS o RESTEasy Reactive
- Estructurar capas resource → service → repository
- Implementar patrones orientados a eventos con Apache Camel y RabbitMQ
- Configurar Hibernate Panache, caché o streams reactivos
- Agregar validación, mapeo de excepciones o paginación
- Configurar perfiles para entornos dev/staging/producción (configuración YAML)
- Logging personalizado con LogContext y Logback/Logstash encoder
- Trabajar con CompletableFuture para operaciones asíncronas
- Implementar procesamiento condicional de flujos
- Trabajar con compilación nativa GraalVM
Capa de Servicio con Múltiples Dependencias
@Slf4j
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class OrderProcessingService {
private final OrderValidator orderValidator;
private final EventService eventService;
private final OrderRepository orderRepository;
private final FulfillmentPublisher fulfillmentPublisher;
private final AuditPublisher auditPublisher;
@Transactional
public OrderReceipt process(CreateOrderCommand command) {
ValidationResult validation = orderValidator.validate(command);
if (!validation.valid()) {
eventService.createErrorEvent(command, "ORDER_REJECTED", validation.message());
throw new WebApplicationException(validation.message(), Response.Status.BAD_REQUEST);
}
Order order = Order.from(command);
orderRepository.persist(order);
OrderReceipt receipt = OrderReceipt.from(order);
fulfillmentPublisher.publishAsync(receipt);
auditPublisher.publish("ORDER_ACCEPTED", receipt);
eventService.createSuccessEvent(receipt, "ORDER_ACCEPTED");
log.info("Orden procesada {}", order.id);
return receipt;
}
}
Patrones Clave:
@RequiredArgsConstructorpara inyección por constructor mediante Lombok@Slf4jpara logging con Logback@Transactionalen métodos de servicio que escriben a través de Panache o repositorios- Validar entrada antes de persistencia o publicación de mensajes
- Seguimiento de eventos para escenarios de éxito/error
- Publicación asíncrona de mensajes Camel
Patrón de Contexto de Logging Personalizado (Logback)
@ApplicationScoped
public class ProcessingService {
public void processDocument(Document doc) {
LogContext logContext = CustomLog.getCurrentContext();
try (SafeAutoCloseable ignored = CustomLog.startScope(logContext)) {
logContext.put("documentId", doc.getId().toString());
logContext.put("documentType", doc.getType());
logContext.put("userId", SecurityContext.getUserId());
log.info("Iniciando procesamiento de documento");
processInternal(doc);
log.info("Procesamiento de documento completado");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Error en el procesamiento de documento", e);
throw e;
}
}
}
Configuración de Logback (logback.xml):
<configuration>
<appender name="CONSOLE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder class="net.logstash.logback.encoder.LogstashEncoder">
<includeContext>true</includeContext>
<includeMdc>true</includeMdc>
</encoder>
</appender>
<logger name="com.example" level="INFO"/>
<root level="WARN">
<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE"/>
</root>
</configuration>
Patrón de Servicio de Eventos
@Slf4j
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class EventService {
private final EventRepository eventRepository;
private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;
public void createSuccessEvent(Object payload, String eventType) {
Objects.requireNonNull(payload, "El payload no puede ser null");
Event event = new Event();
event.setType(eventType);
event.setStatus(EventStatus.SUCCESS);
event.setPayload(serializePayload(payload));
event.setTimestamp(Instant.now());
eventRepository.persist(event);
log.info("Evento de éxito creado: {}", eventType);
}
public void createErrorEvent(Object payload, String eventType, String errorMessage) {
Objects.requireNonNull(payload, "El payload no puede ser null");
if (errorMessage == null || errorMessage.isBlank()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("El mensaje de error no puede estar en blanco");
}
Event event = new Event();
event.setType(eventType);
event.setStatus(EventStatus.ERROR);
event.setErrorMessage(errorMessage);
event.setPayload(serializePayload(payload));
event.setTimestamp(Instant.now());
eventRepository.persist(event);
log.error("Evento de error creado: {} - {}", eventType, errorMessage);
}
private String serializePayload(Object payload) {
try {
return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(payload);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Error al serializar el payload del evento", e);
}
}
}
Publicación de Mensajes Camel (RabbitMQ)
@Slf4j
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class BusinessRulesPublisher {
private final ProducerTemplate producerTemplate;
public void publishSync(BusinessRulesPayload payload) {
producerTemplate.sendBody(
"direct:business-rules-publisher",
payload
);
}
}
Configuración de Ruta Camel:
@ApplicationScoped
public class BusinessRulesRoute extends RouteBuilder {
@ConfigProperty(name = "camel.rabbitmq.queue.business-rules")
String businessRulesQueue;
@ConfigProperty(name = "rabbitmq.host")
String rabbitHost;
@ConfigProperty(name = "rabbitmq.port")
Integer rabbitPort;
@Override
public void configure() {
from("direct:business-rules-publisher")
.routeId("business-rules-publisher")
.log("Publicando mensaje en RabbitMQ: ${body}")
.marshal().json(JsonLibrary.Jackson)
.toF("spring-rabbitmq:%s?hostname=%s&portNumber=%d",
businessRulesQueue, rabbitHost, rabbitPort);
}
}
Rutas Camel Direct (En Memoria)
@ApplicationScoped
public class DocumentProcessingRoute extends RouteBuilder {
@Override
public void configure() {
onException(ValidationException.class)
.handled(true)
.to("direct:validation-error-handler")
.log("Error de validación: ${exception.message}");
from("direct:process-document")
.routeId("document-processing")
.log("Procesando documento: ${header.documentId}")
.bean(DocumentValidator.class, "validate")
.bean(DocumentTransformer.class, "transform")
.choice()
.when(header("documentType").isEqualTo("INVOICE"))
.to("direct:process-invoice")
.when(header("documentType").isEqualTo("CREDIT_NOTE"))
.to("direct:process-credit-note")
.otherwise()
.to("direct:process-generic")
.end();
}
}
Procesamiento de Archivos Camel
@ApplicationScoped
public class FileMonitoringRoute extends RouteBuilder {
@ConfigProperty(name = "file.input.directory")
String inputDirectory;
@ConfigProperty(name = "file.processed.directory")
String processedDirectory;
@ConfigProperty(name = "file.error.directory")
String errorDirectory;
@Override
public void configure() {
from("file:" + inputDirectory + "?move=" + processedDirectory +
"&moveFailed=" + errorDirectory + "&delay=5000")
.routeId("file-monitor")
.log("Procesando archivo: ${header.CamelFileName}")
.to("direct:process-file");
}
}
Estructura de API REST
@Path("/api/documents")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class DocumentResource {
private final DocumentService documentService;
@GET
public Response list(
@QueryParam("page") @DefaultValue("0") int page,
@QueryParam("size") @DefaultValue("20") int size) {
List<Document> documents = documentService.list(page, size);
return Response.ok(documents).build();
}
@POST
public Response create(@Valid CreateDocumentRequest request, @Context UriInfo uriInfo) {
Document document = documentService.create(request);
URI location = uriInfo.getAbsolutePathBuilder()
.path(String.valueOf(document.id))
.build();
return Response.created(location).entity(DocumentResponse.from(document)).build();
}
@GET
@Path("/{id}")
public Response getById(@PathParam("id") Long id) {
return documentService.findById(id)
.map(DocumentResponse::from)
.map(Response::ok)
.orElse(Response.status(Response.Status.NOT_FOUND))
.build();
}
}
Patrón de Repositorio (Panache Repository)
@ApplicationScoped
public class DocumentRepository implements PanacheRepository<Document> {
public List<Document> findByStatus(DocumentStatus status, int page, int size) {
return find("status = ?1 order by createdAt desc", status)
.page(page, size)
.list();
}
public Optional<Document> findByReferenceNumber(String referenceNumber) {
return find("referenceNumber", referenceNumber).firstResultOptional();
}
}
Capa de Servicio con Transacciones
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class DocumentService {
private final DocumentRepository repo;
private final EventService eventService;
@Transactional
public Document create(CreateDocumentRequest request) {
Document document = new Document();
document.setReferenceNumber(request.referenceNumber());
document.setDescription(request.description());
document.setStatus(DocumentStatus.PENDING);
document.setCreatedAt(Instant.now());
repo.persist(document);
eventService.createSuccessEvent(document, "DOCUMENT_CREATED");
return document;
}
}
DTOs y Validación
public record CreateDocumentRequest(
@NotBlank @Size(max = 200) String referenceNumber,
@NotBlank @Size(max = 2000) String description,
@NotNull @FutureOrPresent Instant validUntil,
@NotEmpty List<@NotBlank String> categories) {}
public record DocumentResponse(Long id, String referenceNumber, DocumentStatus status) {
public static DocumentResponse from(Document document) {
return new DocumentResponse(document.getId(), document.getReferenceNumber(),
document.getStatus());
}
}
Mapeo de Excepciones
@Provider
public class ValidationExceptionMapper implements ExceptionMapper<ConstraintViolationException> {
@Override
public Response toResponse(ConstraintViolationException exception) {
String message = exception.getConstraintViolations().stream()
.map(cv -> cv.getPropertyPath() + ": " + cv.getMessage())
.collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
return Response.status(Response.Status.BAD_REQUEST)
.entity(Map.of("error", "validation_error", "message", message))
.build();
}
}
Operaciones Asíncronas con CompletableFuture
@Slf4j
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class FileStorageService {
private final S3Client s3Client;
private final ExecutorService executorService;
public CompletableFuture<StoredDocumentInfo> uploadOriginalFile(
InputStream inputStream,
long size,
LogContext logContext,
InvoiceFormat format) {
return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
try (SafeAutoCloseable ignored = CustomLog.startScope(logContext)) {
String path = generateStoragePath(format);
PutObjectRequest request = PutObjectRequest.builder()
.bucket(bucketName)
.key(path)
.contentLength(size)
.build();
s3Client.putObject(request, RequestBody.fromInputStream(inputStream, size));
return new StoredDocumentInfo(path, size, Instant.now());
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Error al subir archivo a S3", e);
throw new StorageException("Subida fallida", e);
}
}, executorService);
}
}
Caché
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class DocumentCacheService {
private final DocumentRepository repo;
@CacheResult(cacheName = "document-cache")
public Optional<Document> getById(@CacheKey Long id) {
return repo.findByIdOptional(id);
}
@CacheInvalidate(cacheName = "document-cache")
public void evict(@CacheKey Long id) {}
}
Configuración como YAML
# application.yml
"%dev":
quarkus:
datasource:
jdbc:
url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/dev_db
username: dev_user
password: ${DB_PASSWORD}
"%test":
quarkus:
datasource:
jdbc:
url: jdbc:h2:mem:test
hibernate-orm:
database:
generation: drop-and-create
"%prod":
quarkus:
datasource:
jdbc:
url: ${DATABASE_URL}
username: ${DB_USER}
password: ${DB_PASSWORD}
Health Checks
@Readiness
@ApplicationScoped
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class DatabaseHealthCheck implements HealthCheck {
private final AgroalDataSource dataSource;
@Override
public HealthCheckResponse call() {
try (Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection()) {
boolean valid = conn.isValid(2);
return HealthCheckResponse.named("Database connection")
.status(valid)
.build();
} catch (SQLException e) {
return HealthCheckResponse.down("Database connection");
}
}
}
Dependencias (Maven)
<properties>
<quarkus.platform.version>3.27.0</quarkus.platform.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.42</lombok.version>
<assertj-core.version>3.24.2</assertj-core.version>
<jacoco-maven-plugin.version>0.8.13</jacoco-maven-plugin.version>
<maven.compiler.release>17</maven.compiler.release>
</properties>
Buenas Prácticas
Arquitectura
- Usar
@RequiredArgsConstructorcon Lombok para inyección por constructor - Mantener la capa de servicio delgada; delegar lógica compleja a clases especializadas
- Usar rutas Camel para enrutamiento de mensajes y patrones de integración
- Preferir el patrón Panache Repository para acceso a datos
Orientado a Eventos
- Siempre rastrear operaciones con EventService (eventos de éxito/error)
- Usar endpoints
direct:de Camel para enrutamiento en memoria - Usar el componente
spring-rabbitmqpara integración con RabbitMQ
Logging
- Usar Logback con Logstash encoder para logging estructurado
- Propagar LogContext a través de llamadas de servicio con
SafeAutoCloseable - Usar
@Slf4jen lugar de instanciación manual del logger
Configuración
- Usar configuración YAML (
quarkus-config-yaml) - Configuración consciente de perfil para entornos dev/test/prod
- Externalizar configuración sensible a variables de entorno
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