Agent Skills

protocol-reverse

Use for authorized reverse engineering of custom binary protocols, Protobuf/gRPC, WebSocket frames, and PCAP-driven protocol recovery.

Install

npx skills add https://github.com/zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill --skill protocol-reverse
SKILL.md

Protocol Reverse Engineering

ACTION REQUIRED(读完后立刻执行)

  1. NOW: 读取 ../field-journal/precedent-reverse.md — 确认授权与常规操作边界
  2. NOW: 确认任务是否为协议/流量/序列化格式逆向(非纯 Web 参数签名 → 转 js-reverse/)
  3. NOW: 若有目标网络交互 → ../scripts/case-init.ps1 完成 scope;auth 未 granted 禁止对目标 ACT
  4. NEXT: 读取 ../tool-index.md;缺工具 bootstrap(tshark/wireshark 等可能需手动)
  5. ACT: 进入工作流 Phase 1,产出帧布局或消息字典草稿

适用场景

  • 自定义 TCP/UDP 二进制协议
  • Protobuf / gRPC / FlatBuffers / MessagePack
  • WebSocket / MQTT / 私有 RPC
  • PCAP / PCAPNG 还原字段与状态机
  • 客户端-服务端校验、序列号、加密帧头

不走本 skill

情况 去哪
仅 HTTP 参数签名 / JS 加密 js-reverse/
仅 TLS 证书问题 pentest-tools/ 或浏览器代理
固件内协议栈深挖 + 仿真 firmware-pentest/ 后再回本 skill

工作流

Phase 1 — 采集与分诊

□ 拿到样本:PCAP / 代理导出 / 客户端日志 / 二进制
□ 标记方向:C→S / S→C;是否有握手、心跳、重连
□ 固定头?魔数?长度字段?TLV?定长?
□ 是否压缩(zlib/gzip/lz4)或加密(AES/ChaCha 帧内)
□ tshark -r cap.pcap -T fields -e frame.number -e ip.src -e tcp.payload

Phase 2 — 帧布局还原

□ 对齐多个同类消息,找不变字节 / 自增序列号
□ 长度字段:大端/小端、含头/不含头
□ 校验:CRC16/32、checksum、HMAC 位置
□ 画出状态机:Connect → Auth → Ready → Request/Response → Close
□ 工具:Wireshark 自定义 dissector 草稿 / ImHex / 010 Editor 模板 / Kaitai Struct

Phase 3 — 序列化与加密

□ Protobuf:.proto 恢复(blackboxprotobuf / pbtk / protoc --decode_raw)
□ gRPC:HTTP/2 headers + protobuf body
□ 加密:找密钥派生(客户端 so/dll/JS)→ 联合 ida-reverse / js-reverse / apk-reverse
□ 重放:仅在授权 scope 内;先无害字段再敏感操作

Phase 4 — 产物

MUST 产出:
- 消息类型表(name / opcode / fields)
- 至少 1 条可复现的解码命令或脚本
- Evidence:原始 hex 摘录 + 解码结果(脱敏)

工具链

工具 必需 用途 自举
tshark / Wireshark 强烈建议 PCAP 解析 手动 / winget
Python3 是 解码脚本 系统
blackboxprotobuf 可选 未知 protobuf pip
ImHex / 010 可选 结构模板 手动
IDA / r2 / Ghidra 按需 客户端序列化函数 见对应 skill

参考

  • references/protocol-workflow.md — 帧布局与 Protobuf 速查
  • 相关:../ida-reverse/ ../js-reverse/ ../firmware-pentest/ ../pentest-tools/

路由上下文

上游: MASTER-ROUTING R21 · routing.md
下游: 需客户端算法 → ida-reverse/js-reverse;需利用重放 → pentest-tools/api-security
同级: malware-analysis(C2 协议)、digital-forensics(流量取证)

任务完成自检

  • 是否还原了消息布局或状态机(而非只贴 hex)?
  • 是否有可复现解码命令?
  • 是否遵守 scope / 脱敏?
  • 是否回写 field-journal / 报告 Checklist?

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