protocol-reverse
Use for authorized reverse engineering of custom binary protocols, Protobuf/gRPC, WebSocket frames, and PCAP-driven protocol recovery.
Install
npx skills add https://github.com/zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill --skill protocol-reverseSKILL.md
Protocol Reverse Engineering
ACTION REQUIRED(读完后立刻执行)
NOW: 读取../field-journal/precedent-reverse.md— 确认授权与常规操作边界NOW: 确认任务是否为协议/流量/序列化格式逆向(非纯 Web 参数签名 → 转js-reverse/)NOW: 若有目标网络交互 →../scripts/case-init.ps1完成 scope;auth未 granted 禁止对目标 ACTNEXT: 读取../tool-index.md;缺工具 bootstrap(tshark/wireshark 等可能需手动)ACT: 进入工作流 Phase 1,产出帧布局或消息字典草稿
适用场景
- 自定义 TCP/UDP 二进制协议
- Protobuf / gRPC / FlatBuffers / MessagePack
- WebSocket / MQTT / 私有 RPC
- PCAP / PCAPNG 还原字段与状态机
- 客户端-服务端校验、序列号、加密帧头
不走本 skill
| 情况 | 去哪 |
|---|---|
| 仅 HTTP 参数签名 / JS 加密 | js-reverse/ |
| 仅 TLS 证书问题 | pentest-tools/ 或浏览器代理 |
| 固件内协议栈深挖 + 仿真 | firmware-pentest/ 后再回本 skill |
工作流
Phase 1 — 采集与分诊
□ 拿到样本:PCAP / 代理导出 / 客户端日志 / 二进制
□ 标记方向:C→S / S→C;是否有握手、心跳、重连
□ 固定头?魔数?长度字段?TLV?定长?
□ 是否压缩(zlib/gzip/lz4)或加密(AES/ChaCha 帧内)
□ tshark -r cap.pcap -T fields -e frame.number -e ip.src -e tcp.payload
Phase 2 — 帧布局还原
□ 对齐多个同类消息,找不变字节 / 自增序列号
□ 长度字段:大端/小端、含头/不含头
□ 校验:CRC16/32、checksum、HMAC 位置
□ 画出状态机:Connect → Auth → Ready → Request/Response → Close
□ 工具:Wireshark 自定义 dissector 草稿 / ImHex / 010 Editor 模板 / Kaitai Struct
Phase 3 — 序列化与加密
□ Protobuf:.proto 恢复(blackboxprotobuf / pbtk / protoc --decode_raw)
□ gRPC:HTTP/2 headers + protobuf body
□ 加密:找密钥派生(客户端 so/dll/JS)→ 联合 ida-reverse / js-reverse / apk-reverse
□ 重放:仅在授权 scope 内;先无害字段再敏感操作
Phase 4 — 产物
MUST 产出:
- 消息类型表(name / opcode / fields)
- 至少 1 条可复现的解码命令或脚本
- Evidence:原始 hex 摘录 + 解码结果(脱敏)
工具链
| 工具 | 必需 | 用途 | 自举 |
|---|---|---|---|
| tshark / Wireshark | 强烈建议 | PCAP 解析 | 手动 / winget |
| Python3 | 是 | 解码脚本 | 系统 |
| blackboxprotobuf | 可选 | 未知 protobuf | pip |
| ImHex / 010 | 可选 | 结构模板 | 手动 |
| IDA / r2 / Ghidra | 按需 | 客户端序列化函数 | 见对应 skill |
参考
references/protocol-workflow.md— 帧布局与 Protobuf 速查- 相关:
../ida-reverse/../js-reverse/../firmware-pentest/../pentest-tools/
路由上下文
上游: MASTER-ROUTING R21 · routing.md
下游: 需客户端算法 → ida-reverse/js-reverse;需利用重放 → pentest-tools/api-security
同级: malware-analysis(C2 协议)、digital-forensics(流量取证)
任务完成自检
- 是否还原了消息布局或状态机(而非只贴 hex)?
- 是否有可复现解码命令?
- 是否遵守 scope / 脱敏?
- 是否回写 field-journal / 报告 Checklist?
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